Ku meza y’abanyarwanda ntihagaragaraho ibikomoka ku matungo

Ku meza y’Abanyarwanda, haba mu mijyi cyangwa mu cyaro, ibirayi, ibitoki, ibishyimbo, kawunga n’imboga ni bimwe mu biribwa by’ingenzi bibafasha kubona imbaraga zo gukora no kwiteza imbere. Imibare mishya igaragaza ko mu 2025, Umunyarwanda yabonaga impuzandengo ya kilocalories 2.366,7 ku munsi, avuye kuri 2.328,9 mu 2024.

Kilocalorie ni igipimo cy’ingufu umubiri ubona mu biribwa n’ibinyobwa. Umubiri ukoresha izi ngufu mu bikorwa bitandukanye, birimo gukora, kugenda, gutekereza ndetse no gutuma ibice by’umubiri bikomeza gukora neza.

Kuba umuntu ashobora kumva intege nke iyo amaze igihe atariye ni urugero rworoshye rwo gusobanukirwa akamaro k’izi ngufu. Iyo umuntu amaze amasaha menshi atarya, ashobora kumva ananiwe, mu gihe kurya bishobora kongera imbaraga akagaruka mu mirimo ye.

Raporo y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) yitwa Rwanda Food Balance Sheets 2025, yasohotse muri Nzeri 2026, igaragaza ko indyo y’Abanyarwanda ikomeje gushingira cyane ku biribwa bikomoka ku bihingwa, mu gihe ibikomoka ku matungo bikiri ku rwego rwo hasi.

Iyi raporo isesengura uko ibiribwa biboneka mu gihugu, uko bikoreshwa ndetse n’intungamubiri abaturage babonamo, zirimo ingufu, proteine, amavuta, vitamine n’imyunyungugu.

Ibirayi, ibijumba n’imyumbati ku isonga

Mu biribwa bikunze kugaragara ku meza y’Abanyarwanda harimo ibirayi, ibijumba, imyumbati, ibitoki, umuceri, ibigori n’ibishyimbo.

NISR igaragaza ko ibinyabijumba ari byo biribwa bikomoka ku bihingwa bikoreshwa cyane, aho umuntu umwe abarirwa ku mpuzandengo ya 256,5 kg ku mwaka.

Imbuto ziri ku kigero cya 99,8 kg ku muntu ku mwaka, mu gihe ibinyampeke bigera kuri 90,4 kg.

Mu binyabijumba, ibijumba, imyumbati n’ibirayi ni byo biza ku isonga mu bigize indyo y’Abanyarwanda. Ku mbuto, imineke ni yo igaragara cyane ugereranyije n’izindi.

Mu binyampeke, ibigori, umuceri, amasaka n’ingano hamwe n’ibibikomokaho ni bimwe mu byiganje mu mafunguro ya buri munsi.

Ibi bituma mu ngo nyinshi ifunguro rya saa sita cyangwa irya nimugoroba rigizwe n’ibiribwa bitanga ingufu nka kawunga, ibirayi, ibijumba, imyumbati cyangwa ibitoki, bigaherekezwa n’ibishyimbo, imboga n’ibindi biribwa.

Ingufu nyinshi zikomoka ku bihingwa

Mu 2025, Umunyarwanda yabonaga impuzandengo ya kilocalories 2.366,7 ku munsi, ziyongereye ugereranyije na 2.328,9 zabonekaga mu 2024.

Hafi 98,1% by’izi ngufu byakomokaga ku biribwa bikomoka ku bihingwa.

Ibinyampeke n’ibinyabijumba ni byo byatanze igice kinini cy’izi ngufu. Ibinyampeke byatanze kilocalories 732,9 ku muntu ku munsi, mu gihe ibinyabijumba byatanze 644,1 kilocalories.

Ibi bigaragaza uruhare rukomeye rw’ubuhinzi mu kubona ibiribwa no guha abaturage ingufu bakenera mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Inyama, amata n’amafi bikiri bike

Nubwo ubworozi ari igikorwa gikorwa mu bice byinshi by’icyaro, ibikomoka ku matungo ntibifata umwanya munini mu mafunguro y’Abanyarwanda ugereranyije n’ibikomoka ku bihingwa.

Mu 2025, amata n’ibiyakomokaho ni byo byari ku isonga mu biribwa bikomoka ku matungo, aho umuntu umwe yabonaga 11,3 kg ku mwaka, bingana na 66% by’ibiribwa byose bikomoka ku matungo.

Inyama zari ku kigero cya 2,6 kg ku muntu ku mwaka, mu gihe amafi n’ibindi bikomoka mu mazi byari 2,2 kg.

NISR igaragaza ko ibiribwa bikomoka ku matungo ari isoko ikomeye ya proteine ndetse na vitamine nka B12 na D, bityo kuba bidakunze kugaragara mu mafunguro bishobora kugira uruhare mu kuba intungamubiri zimwe na zimwe zitaboneka ku rugero ruhagije.

Ibishyimbo bigira uruhare runini muri proteine

Raporo igaragaza ko ingano ya proteine Umunyarwanda yabonaga ku munsi yazamutse igera kuri garama 59,8 mu 2025, yiyongereyeho 1,2% ugereranyije na 2024.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, 94,2% bya proteine zabonekaga byakomokaga ku biribwa bikomoka ku bihingwa.

Ibinyampeke byatanze garama 19,8 za proteine ku muntu ku munsi, mu gihe ibishyimbo n’ibindi bihingwa byatanga proteine byatanze garama 17,8.

Ibi bishimangira uruhare rw’ibishyimbo mu mafunguro y’Abanyarwanda, kuko ari kimwe mu biribwa biboneka kandi bikenerwa cyane mu ngo nyinshi.

Umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu uriyongera

U Rwanda rukomeje kongera ubushobozi bwo kwihaza mu biribwa.

Raporo ya NISR igaragaza ko igipimo cy’ibiribwa biva imbere mu gihugu cyazamutse kigera kuri 79,7% mu 2025, kivuye kuri 79,4% mu 2024.

Nubwo umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu wiyongereye, u Rwanda ruracyatumiza ibiribwa hanze. Raporo igaragaza ko 56,1% by’ibiribwa bikomoka ku buhinzi n’ibikomoka ku matungo byari bifite aho bihuriye n’ibitumizwa mu mahanga.

Ku rundi ruhande, igipimo cy’ibiribwa bitakara mbere cyangwa mu gihe bigera ku muguzi na cyo cyaragabanutse. Food Loss Index yageze kuri 4,27%, ivuye kuri 5% mu 2017.

Abafite imirire idahagije baragabanuka

Ubushakashatsi bwa karindwi ku Mibereho y’Ingo muri Rusange (EICV7) bugaragaza ko kugira ngo Umunyarwanda abashe kubona imbaraga zihagije zo gukora, akenera hafi kilocalories 2.400 ku munsi.

NISR igaragaza kandi ko kugira ngo umuntu umwe abone ibiribwa n’ibindi by’ibanze bikenerwa mu mibereho ya buri munsi, hakenerwa nibura 560.127 Frw ku mwaka.

Mu 2025, ingano fatizo y’ingufu umubiri ukenera ku munsi yabazwe kuri kilocalories 1.814 ku muntu.

Hashingiwe kuri iki gipimo, hafi 29,9% by’Abanyarwanda, bangana na miliyoni 4,1, bari bafite ikibazo cyo kutabona amafunguro ahagije abaha ingufu umubiri ukenera.

Kugira ngo umuntu agere kuri izi kilocalories 1.814, urugero rutangwa muri raporo rugaragaza ko ashobora gukenera garama 300 z’umuceri utetse? [Reba neza imibare iri muri raporo niba ushaka gukoresha uru rugero nk’ibisobanuro bya tekiniki], garama 150 z’ibishyimbo, amavuta garama 25 ndetse na garama 300 z’imboga.

Nubwo ikibazo cy’imirire idahagije kigihari, imibare igaragaza ko kigenda kigabanuka.

Abafite imirire idahagije bavuye kuri 40,2% mu 2019 bagera kuri 29,9% mu 2025. Umubare wabo na wo wagabanutse uva kuri miliyoni 5 mu 2019 ugera kuri miliyoni 4,1 mu 2025.

Iyi mibare igaragaza intambwe u Rwanda rumaze gutera mu kongera ubushobozi bwo kubona ibiribwa no kunoza imirire, nubwo hakiri akazi ko kongera umusaruro, kunoza imirire no gutuma ibiribwa bikomoka ku matungo n’izindi ntungamubiri biboneka ku buryo bwagutse ku Banyarwanda.

Raoul Nshungu-Amahoronews.com