Rubavu: Iterambere n'imiturire igezweho n’isura nshya y’imijyi y’u Rwanda

Umujyi wa Rubavu ukomeje kwaguka ku muvuduko wihuse, bituma ubuyobozi bw’Akarere bushishikariza abaturage kubaka inzu zigeretse mu rwego rwo kuzigama ubutaka no guteza imbere imiturire igezweho.

Meya w’Akarere ka Rubavu, Mulindwa Prosper, yatangaje ko gahunda yo gushishikariza abaturage kubaka inzu zigeretse ari kimwe mu bikorwa bigamije gushyira mu bikorwa icyerekezo cya Leta cyo kugira imijyi isukuye, itekanye kandi ikurura ishoramari.

Yagize ati, “Rubavu n’imwe mu mijyi yunganira Kigali, tugomba kuwutegura neza kugira ngo ube icyitegererezo mu gihugu. Kuba ari umujyi w’ubukerarugendo bisaba inyubako zigezweho, zubahiriza amategeko n’igishushanyo mbonera. Ibi bizongera ubukungu n’imirimo.”

Meya Mulindwa yakomeje ashimangira ko kubaka inzu zigeretse bidafasha gusa nyirayo, ahubwo biba ari umusanzu mu iterambere ry’umujyi.

Yakomeje agira ati, “Umuturage yubaka inzu y’igorofa, ntaba akemura ikibazo cye gusa, ahubwo aba yatanze umusanzu mu iterambere ry’umujyi. Turashaka Rubavu y’iterambere, ifite inyubako ziciriritse ariko ziteye neza kandi zubahiriza amabwiriza y’imyubakire.”

Iyi gahunda igamije guteza imbere ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage, kuko izongera umusaruro w’ubukungu, itere imbere ubucuruzi, ndetse ifashe mu guhanga imirimo mishya cyane cyane ku rubyiruko rukora mu nzego z’ubwubatsi n’ubukorerabushake.

Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Rubavu buvuga ko gushishikariza abaturage kubaka inzu zigeretse ari uburyo bwo gukoresha neza ubutaka, gukumira imiturire itajyanye n’igihe, no guteza imbere umujyi w’ubukerarugendo Rubavu ushobora kuba icyitegererezo mu mijyi yunganira Kigali.

Meya w’Akarere ka Rubavu, Mulindwa Prosper

Leta y’u Rwanda irimo kubaka inzu zigera kuri 870 mu Karere ka Rubavu, zizaba zitangwa ku miryango yahungiye mu byago bya (floods na landslides) byabaye muri Gicumbi, Rubavu n’izindi ntara mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 2023.

Muri gahunda ya “CERC” (Contingency Emergency Response Component), Leta yateganyije kubaka inzu 4,085 muri rusange mu turere twagize ibiza (Western & Northern Provinces) mbere ya 2025. Rubavu ifite uruhare muri iyo gahunda. Kuri ubu, muri Rubavu inzu zirenga 900, zimaze kurangira, naho inzu zigera ku 1,888 zirimo gukora.

Rubavu ifite byinshi biteganyijwe mu mishinga y’igihe kirekire, nk’uko bigaragara mu (Land Use Master Plan) ndetse no mu (projet de développement).

Umujyi uteganyijwe kugira “dwelling units” (inzu z’abaturage) zisaga 211,625 muri Rubavu District kugeza muri 2050; muri izo, 125,000 zizaba mu mujyi wa Rubavu (Secondary City), izindi mu bice bitandukanye by’akarere.

Hari umugambi wo kubaka “transport hub” (ikigo kinini cyo gutegurira imyitwarire y’abandi bantu), “bus terminal” nshya, ndetse n’imihanda mishya, uduce tw’imyidagaduro ku nkengero za Kivu “coastal park”, ibikorwa by’ubukerarugendo, ibikorwaremezo by’abakerarugendo, kwagura serivisi z’ubuzima (amavuriro), amashuri, n’ibindi…….

Isoko rya Rubavu

Hari gahunda ya “industrial park” (aho inganda n’ibikorwa by’umusaruro byoroshye bizaba biboneka), urugero ni mu bice bya Rugerero na Nyakiriba.

Politiki nshya y’igihugu y’imiturire irimo guhindura isura y’imijyi

Mu Gashyantare 2025, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho Politiki nshya igenga imitunganyirize y’imijyi (National Urbanisation Policy – NUP), igamije gutuma Abanyarwanda batuye mu mijyi bagera kuri 70% muri 2050, bavuye kuri 22,9% muri 2022.

Nk’uko bisobanurwa na Servile Uwayezu, impuguke muri MININFRA, iyi politiki igamije guteza imbere imiturire igezweho, itekanye kandi ibereye abaturage.

Servile Uwayezu, ati, “Leta irifuza ko abaturage batura mu duce dutunganyije, hegereye ibikorwa remezo n’amasevisi nkenerwa. Ni intambwe igamije iterambere rirambye rishingiye ku miturire myiza.”

Solange Ayanone (Ibumoso), Janvier Muhire (Iburyo)

Janvier Muhire, wo muri Rwanda Housing Authority (RHA), yibutsa ko kubahiriza amategeko y’imyubakire ari ingenzi mu gushyira mu bikorwa iyo politiki.

Impinduka zigaragara muri Rubavu abaturage n’abashoramari barabishima

Rugaba Emmanuel, umwubatsi ukorera muri Rubavu, avuga ko kuva aho ako karere kagiriwe umujyi wunganira Kigali, ibikorwa by’ubwubatsi byiyongereye cyane.

Rugaba Emmanuel, akomeza agira ati, “Ubu ibikorwa remezo biriyongera, inyubako nshya zigeretse zirimo kuzamurwa ahantu henshi, natwe dukora mu bwubatsi turabona impinduka zifatika. Ndetse n’urubyiruko rwinshi rwabonye akazi,”

Clarisse Mukantabana, umucuruzi mu mujyi wa Gisenyi, avuga ko iterambere ry’ubwubatsi ryazanye isura nshya n’ubukungu.

Ati, “Abashoramari batangiye gukodesha ahaciriritse ariko heza. Ibi byatugiriye akamaro kuko abantu benshi batangiye gushora imari mu bucuruzi butandukanye, kandi bitanga akazi,”

Deo Nzabonimpa, Umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe ubukungu mu Karere ka Rubavu, ashimangira ko iyi gahunda ifungura amahirwe mashya y’ishoramari n’imirimo.

Yavuze ati, “Kuba Rubavu iri mu mijyi yunganira Kigali byatumye abashoramari baturuka hirya no hino bashora imari hano. Ibi bifasha ubukungu bw’Akarere ndetse bigatuma abaturage babona imirimo.”

Kigali nayo ikomeje kuba icyitegererezo

Umuvugizi w’Umujyi wa Kigali, Emma Claudine Ntirenganya, avuga ko Kigali iri gushyira imbaraga mu miturire igezweho kandi iciriritse, kugira ngo buri wese abone aho gutura mu buryo bwiza.

Akomeza agira ati, “Si ngombwa ko buri wese yubaka inzu ye. Kigali iri gukora inyigo z’amazu yo gukodesha ku giciro giciriritse kandi agezweho, kugira ngo abantu babashe gutura neza no mu mutekano,”

Yatanze urugero rw’umushinga wa Mpazi, aho imiryango 720 (abantu 3,600) yatujwe ku buso bwa hegitari 2,2, hasimbuwe utujagari twari ku buso bwa hegitari 15, nk’ikimenyetso cy’iterambere ry’imiturire igezweho.

Imijyi yunganira Kigali n’intambwe imaze gutera mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya Politiki nshya y’imiturire (NUP):

Umujyi wunganira Kigali	Icyo urimo gushyiramo imbaraga	Intambwe imaze guterwa (ku gipimo cya 100%)	Ibyo biteganyijwe muri 2030
Rubavu	Inyubako zigeretse, imiturire igezweho, ibikorwa remezo by’ubukerarugendo	75%	Kuba umujyi wa mbere w’ubukerarugendo mu Rwanda
Huye	Kubaka amasoko n’inzu ziciriritse zicumbikira abanyeshuri	60%	Kuba icyitegererezo mu miturire y’abanyeshuri n’abakozi
Musanze	Imiturire ifite isura y’ubukerarugendo n’inganda nto	70%	Kuba umujyi w’icyitegererezo mu nganda zoroheje
Rusizi	Gutunganya imiturire yegereye uruganda rw’amashanyarazi n’amasoko	55%	Kuba umujyi w’ubucuruzi uhuza u Rwanda na RDC
Nyagatare	Kubaka inzu z’abakozi n’abashoramari bashya	65%	Kuba ikigo cy’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi igezweho
Karongi	Inyubako z’ubukerarugendo n’ubucuruzi bw’amazi	50%	Kuba ikibanza cy’ubukerarugendo bw’amazi
Kayonza	Imihanda n’amazu y’icumbi iciriritse	58%	Kuba umujyi w’ubuhahirane bw’Uburasirazuba
Kirehe	Imiturire y’abahejejwe inyuma n’abashoramari	40%	Kuba icyitegererezo mu miturire ihuriweho (community housing)

Iyi mibare ni ishusho yerekana uko imijyi yunganira Kigali iri kwinjira mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya NUP, hashingiwe ku bikorwa bigaragara n’imishinga iri mu bikorwa.

Ku musozo twavuga ko; Rubavu iri kugaragaza isura nshya y’umujyi w’iterambere, ugaragaza uburyo politiki nshya y’imiturire ishobora guhindura ubuzima bw’abaturage igihe ishyizwe mu bikorwa neza.

Guteza imbere inyubako zigeretse, gukoresha neza ubutaka no guhanga imirimo y’iterambere ni yo nkingi yo kubaka u Rwanda rufite imijyi igezweho, itekanye kandi ibereye buri wese.