U Rwanda mu rugendo rwo kurengera ibidukikije no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye

Mu myaka yashize, u Rwanda rwahuye n’ingaruka zikomeye ziterwa n’ikoreshwa ridasubira ry’umutungo kamere. Imikoreshereze mibi y’ubutaka, gutema amashyamba ku bwinshi, kwangiza ibiyaga n’imigezi ndetse n’iyangirika ry’ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye byabaye ikibazo gikomeye ku gihugu gito gifite ubuso buto kandi gifite umubare w’abaturage ugenda wiyongera cyane.

Kubera ibi bibazo, Leta y’u Rwanda yihaye intego y’uko bitarenze umwaka wa 2020, igihugu cyari kuba cyarateye intambwe ishimishije mu kugabanya igitutu ku mutungo kamere, by’umwihariko ku butaka, amazi, ibimera n’inyamaswa, ndetse no guhindura burundu icyerekezo cyangirizaga ibidukikije.

Icyerekezo cya Politiki y’Ubwirinzi bw’Ibidukikije

Mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa iyi ntego, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho politiki zitandukanye zishingiye ku kurengera ibidukikije no gushyigikira iterambere rirambye. Politiki y’Ibidukikije n’Imihindagurikire y’Ibihe yasohowe mu 2019 igamije guteza imbere ubukungu butangiza ibidukikije, gukoresha neza umutungo kamere, no guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Iyo politiki yibanze ku nkingi enye z’ingenzi:

Kugabanya igitutu ku butaka n’ibiyaga

Leta yashyize imbaraga mu micungire myiza y’ubutaka, harimo guca burundu ibikorwa byo guhinga ku misozi ihanamye idafite imiringoti, kongera ubutaka butunganyije hifashishijwe uburyo bw’ubuhinzi bugezweho, no gushyiraho uburyo bwo kuhira butangiza amazi y’ubutaka. Hanashyizweho gahunda yo kubungabunga inkombe z’ibiyaga n’imigezi, haterwa ibiti no gushyiraho imirwanyasuri.

Guteza imbere ingufu zisubira n’izisukuye

Guverinoma yatangiye gahunda yo guca inkwi n’amakara byifashishwaga mu guteka, ishyiraho gahunda yo gutanga gaz ku miryango ibarirwa mu bihumbi, no kongera amashanyarazi ava ku mirasire y’izuba. Ibi byatumye habaho igabanyuka ry’ishyirwa rya CO₂ mu kirere ndetse n’ubwiyongere bw’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu zisukuye mu gihugu.

Kurengera ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima

Hakozwe igenzura ryimbitse ku bwoko bw’ibinyabuzima biri mu Rwanda, hashyirwaho ahantu hihariye ho kubirinda nk’amaparki y’igihugu (nk’iya Nyungwe, Akagera n’Ibirunga), hongerwa ibikorwa byo gusubizaho ubusitani bw’ibimera n’amashyamba yatemwe. Hatangiye n’ubukangurambaga bwo kongera gutera amashyamba no gusubiza inyamaswa mu gace kavanywemo abantu.

Kurwanya ihumana n’iyangirika ry’ibidukikije

U Rwanda rufatwa nk’igihugu cya mbere muri Afurika mu gukumira ikoreshwa ry’amapine n’amaplastike yangiza ibidukikije. Hashyizweho amategeko akomeye abuza ikoreshwa ryayo, hanashyirwaho ibihano ku bantu cyangwa ibigo bitabyubahiriza. Ibigo byinshi byashishikarijwe gukoresha ibikoresho bisubira (recyclable) no gutunganya imyanda mu buryo burambye.

Ibyagezweho n’Intambwe U Rwanda Rugezeho

Kuva ubwo, u Rwanda rwabaye icyitegererezo muri Afurika no ku isi mu bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije. Ibi bikurikira ni bimwe mu byo igihugu cyagezeho:

Umujyi wa Kigali wahize indi ku mugabane wa Afurika mu kugira isuku no kurangwa n’imyubakire itangiza ibidukikije, Imiryango ibarirwa muri za miliyoni yabonye amashanyarazi aturuka ku mirasire y’izuba, ingufu zisukuye, cyangwa ingufu zisanzwe, Ubuso bw’amashyamba bwongerewe bugera kuri 30% by’ubuso bw’igihugu muri 2022, ugereranyije na 10% mu myaka ya za 2000.

 Ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku bidukikije bwazamutse, butanga akazi ku bihumbi by’Abanyarwanda, binyuze mu gusura ingagi, Pariki y’Akagera n’indi mishinga y’ubukerarugendo burambye.

Umubare w’ibikoresho bya pulasitiki byaciwe burundu, bigasimbuzwa ibikoresho bikoze mu bisubira cyangwa ibikoresho byo mu biti n’ibyatsi.

Aho U Rwanda Rwerekeza mu Kurengera Ibidukikije

Nubwo hari intambwe nziza imaze guterwa, urugendo ruracyari rurerure. U Rwanda rufite gahunda y’imyaka 30 izageza mu 2050, yiswe Green Growth and Climate Resilience Strategy, igamije guhindura ubukungu bushingiye ku bidukikije, guhanga imirimo mishya ishingiye ku bikorera, guteza imbere ibikoresho bigezweho mu gukora ingufu zisukuye, ndetse no kubungabunga amazi, amashyamba n’imisozi.

Nyandungu Eco‑Park

Harimo kandi gahunda yo kubaka imijyi itangiza ibidukikije (green cities), nk’Umujyi wa Nyandungu Eco-Park, wasubiwemo ibidukikije byaho byari byarangiritse, ubu ukaba urimo kuba ishyamba ry’icyitegererezo rikorerwamo ubukerarugendo, ubushakashatsi n’uburezi.

Umwanzuro

U Rwanda rwiyemeje kuba igihugu kiyoboye Afurika mu kubaka ubukungu budaheza kandi burengera ibidukikije. Iyo ntego irimo gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu nzego zose, guhera ku rwego rwa politiki, ku rwego rw’imibereho y’abaturage, kugeza no ku rwego rw’ubucuruzi n’iterambere ry’icyaro.

Nubwo hari imbogamizi, harimo iz’imihindagurikire y’ibihe n’iterambere rishingiye ku bukungu bushingiye ku nganda, igihugu cyagaragaje ko hari icyizere n’umurongo uhamye wo kubaka ejo hazaza hatangiza isi dutuyeho.

Amani Ntakandi