Ipfunwe n’ubukene, Imbogamizi ku isuku y’abakobwa mu bihe by’imihango

By Alidha Mutegwaraba

Nubwo ubuzima bw’umwana w’umukobwa bukwiye kurengerwa, ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko mu Rwanda no ku isi hose, imihango ikiri inzitizi ikomeye ku bwigenge n’uburezi bw’abakobwa.

Mu 2021, Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC) cyagaragaje ko 39% by’abakobwa baturuka mu miryango ikennye mu Rwanda badafite ubushobozi bwo kubona udutambaro tw’isuku uko bikwiye.

UNICEF na WHO bo basanga abagore n’abakobwa bagera kuri miliyoni 500 ku isi badafite uburenganzira ku isuku mu gihe cy’imihango, ibura ry’ubwiherero, amazi meza, n’ibikoresho by’isuku bibagira insina ngufi mu muryango.

Muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, umukobwa 1 kuri 10 ntajya ku ishuri mu gihe cy’imihango, bikamuviramo gusigara inyuma cyangwa no guta ishuri.

Mu Rwanda, nubwo amashuri menshi afite ubwiherero, 46% yabyo ntabitaye ku isuku y’abakobwa bari mu mihango. Ibi byose byongerwa n’ikiguzi kiri hejuru cy’udutambaro tw’isuku nka “Cotex”, bituma abakobwa bamwe biga nabi, abandi bakagira ipfunwe cyangwa ihezwa.

Abakobwa benshi baracyahura n’imbogamizi mu kubona impapuro z’isuku zizwi nka ‘Cotex’, kubera igiciro cyazo kikirihejuru, ibituma bamwe biga nabi igiciro kikiri hejuru cya ‘Cotex’ kibangamira abakobwa bari mu mihango, abandi bagahura n’ipfunwe ndetse n’ihezwa mu gihe bari mu mihango.

Mu Rwanda habarurwa ko nibura abagore n’abakobwa bari hagati ya miliyoni eshatu n’enye bajya mu mihango buri kwezi.

Impuguke mu by’ubuzima zivuga ko iyo isuku yo mu gihe cy’imihango ititaweho uko bikwiye bishobora gutera izindi ndwara zitewe n’ibikoresho byakoreshejwe ndetse bikanatera ipfunwe abagore n’abakobwa bamwe bagasiba ishuri n’izindi gahunda zabo.

Nubwo hari intambwe imaze guterwa mu kurwanya akato n’ivangura abakobwa bahura na cyo mu gihe cy’imihango, haracyari inzitizi zituma bamwe bagira ipfunwe, ihezwa no gusiba ishuri.

Abakobwa benshi baracyafite imbogamizi zo kubona ibikoresho by’isuku, cyane cyane udutambaro twabugenewe, bitewe n’igiciro gikiri hejuru.

Kayigamba Umurerwa, wo mu Karere ka Bugesera, yemeza ko ipfunwe rikigaragara ku bakobwa bari mu mihango rifitanye isano n’imyumvire ikiri hasi mu miryango.

Kayigamba Umurerwa, wo mu Karere ka Bugesera

yavuze ati, “Ntekereza ko iryo pfunwe rituruka ku kuba ibiganiro ku mihango bikorwa hagati y’abakobwa cyangwa n’ababyeyi b’abagore gusa. Abagabo n’abasaza ntibajya bamenyeshwa ibibera mu buzima bw’umukobwa uri gukura”.

Yongeraho ko rimwe na rimwe umukobwa yisanga mu ishuri atisanzuye, cyane cyane iyo atunguwe n’imihango cyangwa asetse n’abandi banyeshuri.

Ati, “Ibi bikwiye guhinduka binyuze mu muryango. Ababyeyi b’abagore bagomba kubiganiriza abagabo babo, bakabamenyesha ko bafite umwana w’umukobwa, kandi ko azanyura muri ibyo bihe byo gukura.”

Ganza Rutsinga Queen, wo mu Karere ka Kicukiro, avuga ko igiciro kiri hejuru cya “Cotex” kigihangayikishije abakobwa benshi.

Yagize ati, “Iyo igiciro cyamanutse kikagera kuri 500 Frw aho kuba 1500 Frw byadufasha cyane. Ariko nanone twifuza ko abadafite ubushobozi babona ibi bikoresho ku buntu, binyuze mu bufasha bwa Leta n’abafatanyabikorwa”.

Ganza Rutsinga Queen, wo mu Karere ka Kicukiro

Dr. Mbaraga Gilbert, ushinzwe ibikorwa by’ubuvuzi muri AHF Rwanda, avuga ko bafite gahunda zigamije gufasha abakobwa kuguma mu ishuri hatitawe ku gihe cy’imihango.

Yavuze ati, “Tukorana n’amashuri mu bukangurambaga ku isuku mu mihango. Dutoza abakobwa uko bitwara muri iyo minsi, tukabaha n’ibikoresho bifatika by’isuku.”

Dr. Mbaraga Gilbert, ushinzwe ibikorwa by’ubuvuzi muri AHF Rwanda

Akomeza avuga ko igiciro cy’ibikoresho by’isuku, cyane cyane Cotex, kigihangayikishije. Ati, “Ni imbogamizi ikomeye ituma abakobwa benshi batajya ku ishuri cyangwa bakanakoresha ibidakwiye.”

Bigirimana Rosine, umukozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC), avuga ko hafashwe ingamba zitandukanye zirimo ubuvugizi n’iyubakwa ry’inganda zikora ibikoresho by’isuku mu mihango.

Ati, “Turashishikariza ishoramari mu gukora ibyo bikoresho kugira ngo bibe byinshi, bihenduke, kandi biboneke hose. Hari n’amasomo ahabwa abahungu kugira ngo bamenye ko bagomba gushyigikira bagenzi babo b’abakobwa mu bihe by’imihango, aho kubaha akato.”

Bigirimana Rosine, umukozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC)

Mu rwego rwo korohereza abagore n’abakobwa kubona ibikoresho by’isuku, mu 2019 Leta y’u Rwanda yakuyeho umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (TVA) ku bicuruzwa byifashishwa mu gihe cy’imihango, birimo Cotex.

Minisiteri y’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango (MIGEPROF) yatangaje ko ari icyemezo cyafashwe hagamijwe gufasha abafite ubushobozi buke.

Iyi nkuru ishimangira ko n’ubwo hari byinshi byakozwe mu rwego rw’ubuvugizi, imyumvire rusange, igiciro cy’ibikoresho by’isuku, ndetse n’uruhare rw’abagabo n’abana b’abahungu mu guhindura ibintu bikiri hasi. Hakenewe ubufatanye bw’inzego zose mu gushyiraho ingamba zifatika zifasha umwana w’umukobwa kugera ku burezi, uko agenda akura no mu bihe bikomeye by’imihango